Properties of Used Bulk Materials

This section details the physical and mechanical properties of the bulk materials studied in the book and simulations. Understanding properties such as particle size, shape, density, friction, and cohesion is essential for accurate Discrete Element Method (DEM) modeling and effective design of bulk material transport systems.

Common Graph of the Effective Internal Friction

This graph illustrates the effective internal friction angle of various bulk materials used in the study. Understanding this property is crucial for predicting material flow behavior and optimizing transport system design using the Discrete Element Method (DEM).

MATERIALSAIFE (°)σsd (°)AIFLIN (°)σsd (°)AIFS (°)σsd (°)
BIG BEANS LAGRIS23,501,3523,221,3622,441,37
LENTILS LAGRIS24,030,7423,970,7722,910,48
BLACK BALLS 6mm24,311,6024,011,5722,611,30
GLASS MICROBEADS24,700,4124,700,4123,450,34
ZIRBLAST B3027,761,0227,761,0226,261,10
MEDIUM BEANS LAGRIS28,060,7027,760,6927,170,53
WHITE BALLS28,750,9128,680,9026,860,46
SMALL BEANS LAGRIS31,531,0631,050,9930,400,81
PEARL BARLEY31,660,9931,180,8130,500,62
SOY34,131,0934,041,1132,320,71
MILLET36,211,2635,071,2234,320,65
YELLOW PELLETS BIOMAG37,692,0837,552,0935,991,30
SUGAR CRYSTAL38,671,1738,621,1636,191,14
RICE BASK38,871,1238,521,1337,370,93
SALT STONE FOOD42,391,3442,181,4140,000,88
GLASS F3642,561,2542,391,3039,490,78
BROWN PELLETS42,493,17 41,913,01 38,651,58
STEEL GRIT GH5043,411,1143,351,1740,290,97
INTERNAL FRICTION